Atomic Mass Units

Definition

An atomic mass unit (AMU, dalton, Da, unified atomic mass unit, u) is defined as a mass equal to one twelfth the mass of an atom of carbon-12

Actually, historically speaking, we shouldn't say "atomic mass unit", as it used to refer to the mass of an atom of oxygen-16. We should really say "unified atomic mass unit" or "dalton".

Figure


Atomic mass units for each element are often on the periodic table. In this table, they're labeled "standard atomic weight"

Average Atomic Mass

Formula

Average atomic mass is calculated as:

where:

  • is the percentage abundance of that particular isotope
  • is the mass of that particular isotope
Example

Copper has two major naturally occurring isotopes, one with 34 and one with 36 neutrons. Determine the percentage abundance of copper atoms with 34 neutrons.

solution
Atomic number of copper is with atomic mass .

  • Mass of :
  • Mass of